Bladder dysfunction affects the way a person holds or releases urine. This may include urgency of urination, frequency of urination, ability to “hold” urine during the day or night, urinary incontinence, infrequent voiding (not urinating often), constipation or other diagnoses.

The involuntary loss of urine due to limitations in movement, cognition, or communication. Their bladder is working normally. Amount of urine can vary. It may be just a leak, or a complete release. Most common amongst elderly patients with arthritis, Parkinson’s, or Alzheimer’s disease.

Describes a number of conditions that may affect the urinary, reproductive, digestive, sexual and/or stability systems in the pelvis. It can indicate the presence of dysfunction in the muscles, joints, nerves, and connective tissues of the pelvis. PFD occurs when these muscles of the pelvic floor are weak, tight or torn.

Refer to problems with urinating and passing stools. This affects the organs in the digestive system, including the small and large intestines. They can prevent the body from properly digesting. These may lead to the unwanted passage of urine or stool, called urinary or fecal incontinence. 

Hormonal imbalances occur when there is too much or too little of a hormone in the bloodstream. Because of their essential role in the body, even small hormonal imbalances can cause side effects throughout the body. Hormones are chemicals that are produced by glands in the endocrine system. 

Due to a variety of causative factors, PFD may present with a wide array of symptoms and impairments, some of which are easily recognizable and others which can be confusing or misleading. It is important to note that while symptoms of PFD are common, there is not a “standard” or “typical” treatment. 

Relaxation of the supportive tissues of the bladder causing it to descend and protrude into the anterior vaginal wall.  Also known as a fallen bladder, it is caused by ligaments holding the bladder up and the muscle between the vagina and bladder weakening or stretching. 

Involuntary loss of urine during sleep. This is also referred to as bed-wetting or nighttime incontinence. It can occur up to age 5 as part of normal childhood development. For adults, it can be caused by substance abuse such as alcohol intoxication, or a blockage in part of the urinary tract.

Also referred to as Post-Micturition Dribble, this is the loss of a small amount of urine after voiding appears to be complete. It can occur in women but is more common for men. PMD happens when the pelvic floor muscles are weakened. This can be the result of BPH, straining to empty bowels, chronic cough, etc.

Relaxation of the supportive tissues of the small intestine causing it to descend and protrude into the posterior/superior vaginal wall. This is a type of pelvic organ prolapse. Causes can range from Childbirth, aging and other processes that put pressure on your pelvic floor .

Involuntary loss of urine associated with overdistention of the bladder. It may or may not be associated with detrusor contraction. There tends to be continuous leakage both day and night. Causes can be associated with blockages of the urethra, urinary stones, scar tissue, swelling from infection, etc.

Rectocele, also referred to as Posterior Vaginal Prolapse, is the result of the separation of thin tissue between the rectum and vagina becoming weak, allowing the vaginal wall to bulge. When processes such as childbirth put pressure on these pelvic tissues, it causes rectocele. A small rectocele may cause no symptoms.